Circular Economy: a Comparison Between the Case of Singapore and France

Nowadays, due to the continuous developments in economies, various dilemmas are emerging, including energy demand, waste management, and greenhouse gas emissions (GHE). A promising approach address these issues is a transition toward circular economy (CE), one of its successful approaches waste-to-energy (WTE). By exploiting WTE, there will be less demand for raw materials resources. In this study, two developed countries, France Singapore, evaluated based on their CE using WTE method. Both countries developing rapidly terms CE. Reducing landfills as major problem Singapore most vital plans project. The planned target reducing landfill by 30% 2030. Furthermore, aims reaching 70% recycling rate 2050. On other hand, includes more comprehensive laws four different sectors, such production, consumption, mobilizing actors. It that 2025, reach 100%. roadmap building cannot succeeded unless some practical strategies overcoming encountered obstacles. both shows specific milestone better CE, cleaner environment, use natural Most sustainable caught 2030, while trying complete them 2025. should noted current pandemic situation caused COVID-19, implementing obligations thoroughly.